Grant.Ĭommanded the Army of the Potomac in addition to serving as Commanding General. McClellan, Henry Halleck, and finally, Ulysses S. Over the course of the war, the Commanding General of the United States Army was, in order of service, Winfield Scott, George B. That stated, most of the major Union wartime commanders had previous regular army experience. Although 142 regular officers became Union generals during the war, most remained "frozen" in their regular units. When the war began, the American standing army or " Regular army" consisted of only 1080 commissioned officers and 15,000 enlisted men. TitleĪssassinated Apdied April 15, 1865ĭeclared the armed conflict to be "virtually" ended on Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy, aided by Assistant Secretary of the Navy Gustavus Fox. Stanton was confirmed to replace Cameron in January 1862. Lincoln's first Secretary of War was Simon Cameron Edwin M. President Abraham Lincoln was Commander-in-Chief of the Union armed forces throughout the conflict after his Apassassination, Vice President Andrew Johnson became the nation's chief executive. Hancock Admiral David Farragut Admiral David Porter Civilian military leaders The United States (The Union) Winfield Scott John E. Some military leaders derived from countries other than the United States. Several significant Confederate military leaders emerged from state unit commands. Many officers in the United States Army, most of them educated at West Point at the expense of the United States, and having taken an oath of allegiance to the same, joined the rebellion against it. In the Southern Confederacy, the constitutional commander-in-chief was educated at West Point and had served in the Mexican War. Some of them derived from nations other than the United States. A smaller number of military leaders originated from the United States Volunteers. Most of the major Union wartime commanders had, however, previous regular army experience. The overall military leadership of the United States during the Civil War was ultimately vested in the President of the United States as constitutional commander-in-chief, and in the political heads of the military departments he appointed. Military leadership in the American Civil War was vested in both the political and the military structures of the belligerent powers.
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